Sanchez, Melissa E. “White chivalry in The Faerie Queene.” Throughlines. www.throughlines.org/suite-content/white-chivalry-in-the-faerie-queene. [Date accessed].
White chivalry in The Faerie Queene
White knights and the whiteness of knights

Edmund Spenser’s The Faerie Queene sought "to fashion a gentleman or noble person" through the instructive device of allegory. The knights of the story who embody Christian virtues like chastity, justice, and temperance must prevail over enemies like lust, perversion, and excess. Throughout the poem, these negative qualities are personified as blackened pagan, Islamic, or Indigenous characters. Three centuries later, D.W. Griffith’s The Birth of a Nation used the same chivalric allegory to bolster the political message of white supremacy in the Reformation era. Reading allegory as a political structure reveals how chivalric logic is still shaping national rhetoric about immigration, gender, race, and belonging.
Further learning

Religion, race, and sexuality
This graduate seminar examines how religion, race, sexuality, and gender have been mutually constituted across early modern, modern, and contemporary literature and thought. Through comparative readings and student-led presentations, participants analyze the theological and political forces that shape identity, difference, and hierarchy.
Recommended

Teaching The Wife of Bath's Tale through adaptations
Chaucer's most outspoken pilgrim gets three modern makeovers: an animated film, a spoken-word performance, and a poem staged in a London market. Jonathan Hsy shows how these adaptations open fresh classroom conversations about gender, power, and justice.

Piers Plowman and whiteness in Passion plays
A leather costume worn by an actor playing the crucified Christ offers a new understanding for how medieval drama shaped ideas about race. Wan-Chuan Kao follows the performance tradition of medieval Passion plays into William Langland's Piers Plowman, all while unraveling constructions of whiteness that linger with us today.

